全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1417957篇 |
免费 | 116632篇 |
国内免费 | 3395篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 18568篇 |
儿科学 | 46941篇 |
妇产科学 | 41566篇 |
基础医学 | 202049篇 |
口腔科学 | 37911篇 |
临床医学 | 126998篇 |
内科学 | 285105篇 |
皮肤病学 | 33806篇 |
神经病学 | 117842篇 |
特种医学 | 54734篇 |
外国民族医学 | 472篇 |
外科学 | 212489篇 |
综合类 | 32827篇 |
现状与发展 | 3篇 |
一般理论 | 496篇 |
预防医学 | 110396篇 |
眼科学 | 31797篇 |
药学 | 99375篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 3308篇 |
肿瘤学 | 81300篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 11911篇 |
2018年 | 16879篇 |
2017年 | 12913篇 |
2016年 | 14581篇 |
2015年 | 16355篇 |
2014年 | 22973篇 |
2013年 | 33901篇 |
2012年 | 46243篇 |
2011年 | 48812篇 |
2010年 | 28621篇 |
2009年 | 27513篇 |
2008年 | 45042篇 |
2007年 | 47589篇 |
2006年 | 48202篇 |
2005年 | 46651篇 |
2004年 | 44457篇 |
2003年 | 42277篇 |
2002年 | 40757篇 |
2001年 | 73406篇 |
2000年 | 74836篇 |
1999年 | 61602篇 |
1998年 | 16206篇 |
1997年 | 14546篇 |
1996年 | 14671篇 |
1995年 | 14838篇 |
1994年 | 13468篇 |
1993年 | 12644篇 |
1992年 | 46059篇 |
1991年 | 43756篇 |
1990年 | 41781篇 |
1989年 | 39829篇 |
1988年 | 36410篇 |
1987年 | 35643篇 |
1986年 | 33096篇 |
1985年 | 31513篇 |
1984年 | 23988篇 |
1983年 | 20134篇 |
1982年 | 12269篇 |
1981年 | 10828篇 |
1979年 | 20864篇 |
1978年 | 14711篇 |
1977年 | 12180篇 |
1976年 | 11432篇 |
1975年 | 11724篇 |
1974年 | 14117篇 |
1973年 | 13663篇 |
1972年 | 12797篇 |
1971年 | 11628篇 |
1970年 | 11024篇 |
1969年 | 10214篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
101.
Mieke R. Van Bockstal Marie C. Agahozo Linetta B. Koppert Carolien H.M. van Deurzen 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(5):1189-1197
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is a nonobligate precursor of invasive breast cancer, accounting for 20 % of screen-detected breast cancers. Little is known about the natural progression of DCIS because most patients undergo surgery upon diagnosis. Many DCIS patients are likely being overtreated, as it is believed that only around 50 % of DCIS will progress to invasive carcinoma. Robust prognostic markers for progression to invasive carcinoma are lacking. In the past, studies have investigated women who developed a recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and compared them with those who did not. However, where there is no recurrence, the patient has probably been adequately treated. The present narrative review advocates a new research strategy, wherein only those patients with a recurrence are studied. Approximately half of the recurrences are invasive cancers, and half are DCIS. So-called “recurrences” are probably most often the result of residual disease. The new approach allows us to ask: why did some residual DCIS evolve to invasive cancers and others not? This novel strategy compares the group of patients that developed in situ recurrence with the group of patients that developed invasive recurrence after BCS. The differences between these groups could then be used to develop a robust risk stratification tool. This tool should estimate the risk of synchronous and metachronous invasive carcinoma when DCIS is diagnosed in a biopsy. Identification of DCIS patients at low risk for developing invasive carcinoma will individualize future therapy and prevent overtreatment. 相似文献
102.
Fabian Falkenstein Marco Gessi Daniela Kandels Ho-Keung Ng René Schmidt Monika Warmuth-Metz Brigitte Bison Juergen Krauss Rolf-Dieter Kortmann Beate Timmermann Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale Michael H. Albert Arnulf Pekrun Eberhard Maaß Astrid K. Gnekow Torsten Pietsch 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(8):2159-2175
Reports on pediatric low-grade diffuse glioma WHO-grade II (DG2) suggest an impaired survival rate, but lack conclusive results for genetically defined DG2-entities. We analyzed the natural history, treatment and prognosis of DG2 and investigated which genetically defined sub-entities proved unfavorable for survival. Within the prospectively registered, population-based German/Swiss SIOP-LGG 2004 cohort 100 patients (age 0.8-17.8 years, 4% neurofibromatosis [NF1]) were diagnosed with a DG2. Following biopsy (41%) or variable extent of resection (59%), 65 patients received no adjuvant treatment. Radiologic progression or severe neurologic symptoms prompted chemotherapy (n = 18) or radiotherapy (n = 17). Multiple lines of salvage treatment were necessary for 19/35 patients. Five years event-free survival dropped to 0.44, while 5 years overall survival was 0.90 (median observation time 8.3 years). Extensive genetic profiling of 65/100 DG2 identified Histone3-K27M-mutation in 4, IDH1-mutation in 11, BRAF-V600-mutation in 12, KIAA1549-BRAF-fusions in 6 patients, while the remaining 32 tumor tissues did not show alterations of these genes. Progression to malignant glioma occurred in 12 cases of all genetically defined subgroups within a range of 0.5 to 10.8 years, except for tumors carrying KIAA1549-BRAF-fusions. Histone3-K27M-mutant tumors proved uniformly fatal within 0.6 to 2.4 years. The current LGG treatment strategy seems appropriate for all DG2-entities, with the exemption of Histone3-K27M-mutant tumors that require a HGG-related treatment strategy. Our data confirm the importance to genetically define pediatric low-grade diffuse gliomas for proper treatment decisions and risk assessment. 相似文献
103.
Ki-Yong An Andria R. Morielli Dong-Woo Kang Christine M. Friedenreich Donald C. McKenzie Karen Gelmon John R. Mackey Robert D. Reid Kerry S. Courneya 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(1):150-160
The Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise (CARE) Trial compared different types and doses of exercise performed during breast cancer chemotherapy. Here, we report the longer-term follow-up of patient-reported outcomes, health-related fitness and exercise behavior at 6, 12 and 24 months postintervention. A multicenter trial in Canada randomized 301 breast cancer patients initiating chemotherapy to thrice weekly, supervised exercise consisting of a standard dose of 25–30 min of aerobic exercise (STAN; n = 96), a higher dose of 50–60 min of aerobic exercise (HIGH; n = 101) or a combined dose of 50–60 min of aerobic and resistance exercise (COMB; n = 104) performed for the duration of chemotherapy (median of 17 weeks). Primary outcomes were patient-reported outcomes including quality of life, cancer-related symptoms and psychosocial outcomes. Secondary outcomes were objective health-related fitness (assessed at 12 months only) and self-reported exercise behavior. A total of 269 (89.4%) participants completed patient-reported outcomes at all three follow-up time points and 263 (87.4%) completed the health-related fitness assessment at 12-month follow-up. COMB was significantly superior to (i) STAN for sleep quality at 6-month follow-up (p = 0.027); (ii) HIGH for upper body muscular endurance at 12-month follow-up (p = 0.020); and (iii) HIGH for meeting the resistance exercise guideline at 6-month follow-up (p = 0.006). Moreover, self-reported meeting of the combined exercise guideline during follow-up was significantly associated with better patient-reported outcomes and health-related fitness. Performing combined exercise during and after breast cancer chemotherapy may result in better longer-term patient-reported outcomes and health-related fitness compared to performing aerobic exercise alone. 相似文献
104.
105.
Alicia M. Blessing MD PhD Janice M. Santiago-O'Farrill MD PhD Weiqun Mao BS MD Lan Pang BS MD Jing Ning MD PhD Daewoo Pak MD PhD Lakshmi Reddy Bollu MD PhD Philip Rask BS MD LaKesla Iles BS MD Hailing Yang PhD MD Samantha Tran BS MD Ezzeddine Elmir BS MD Geoffrey Bartholomeusz MD PhD Robert Langley MD PhD Zhen Lu MD Robert C. Bast Jr MD 《Cancer》2020,126(15):3579-3592
106.
107.
108.
Ashton A. Connor Robert E. Denroche Gun Ho Jang Mathieu Lemire Amy Zhang Michelle Chan-Seng-Yue Gavin Wilson Robert C. Grant Daniele Merico Ilinca Lungu John M.S. Bartlett Dianne Chadwick Sheng-Ben Liang Jenna Eagles Faridah Mbabaali Jessica K. Miller Paul Krzyzanowski Heather Armstrong Steven Gallinger 《Cancer cell》2019,35(2):267-282.e7
109.
110.
Harinakshi Sanikini David C. Muller Marisa Sophiea Sabina Rinaldi Antonio Agudo Eric J. Duell Elisabete Weiderpass Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Jytte Halkjær Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Iris Cervenka Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Antonia Trichopoulou Georgia Martimianaki Anna Karakatsani Valeria Pala Domenico Palli Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Guri Skeie Charlotta Rylander María-Dolores Chirlaque López Maria-Jose Sánchez Eva Ardanaz Sara Regnér Tanja Stocks Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Roel C.H. Vermeulen Dagfinn Aune Tammy Y.N. Tong Nathalie Kliemann Neil Murphy Marc Chadeau-Hyam Marc J. Gunter Amanda J. Cross 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(4):929-942
Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5–25 kg/m2: HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25–3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15–6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99–6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52–4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35–14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76–18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14–0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers. 相似文献